INTRODUCTION TO WHITEBOX TESTING

 WHITEBOX TESTING:-  In this the test cases are generated on the logic of each module by drawing flow graphs of that module and logical decisions are tested on all the cases.

The techniques that are used:-

1.)                basic path testing

2.)                structural testing

3.)                logic based testing

4.)                fault based testing

BASIC PATH TESTING:- It is whitebox technique. It allows the design and definition of execution path.

The test cases created from the basics set.

STRUCTURAL TESTING:- structural testing examines source code and analysis what is present in code. They are mainly dynamic. Meaning that code is executed during analysis, this implies high test cost due to compilation. There are many types of structural testing:-

1.)                statement coverage testing.

2.)                Branch coverage testing.

3.)                Condition coverage testing

4.)                data flow testing.

5.)                Loop coverage testing

LOGIC BASED TESTING:- Logic based testing is used when input domain and resulting processing are assemble to decision table representation. It has following steps:-

•                     list all action.

•                     List all condition.

•                     Associate specific condition with specific action.

•                     Define rules.

FAULT BASED TESTING:- Fault based testing show the absence of certain classes of faults in code.

The technique which perform fault based testing is called mutation analysis.

ADVANTAGES:-

1.)                Beneficent slide effects.

2.)                Optimizations.

DISADVANTAGES:-

1.)                Expensive

2.)                miss cases omitted in code

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WHAT IS BLACKBOX TESTING

BLACKBOX TESTING:-  Blackbox test design treats the system as blackbox. It include specification testing, functional testing, input/output driven testing.

Blackbox testing attempts to uncover following:

1.)                Incorrect functions

2.)                data structure errors

3.)                missing functions

blackbox testing uses following techniques:-

I.)                 Equivalence class partitioning

II.)              boundary value analysis, And  Comparison testing.

EQUIVALENCE CLASS PARTITIONING:- THIS METHOD DIVIDES THE INPUT OF PROGRAMS INTO CLASSES OF DATA. An equivalence class represent a set of valid and invalid input values.

BOUNDARY VALUE ANALYSIS:- It is the complementary to EQUIVALENCE partitioning.

Boundary value analysis also encourage best case designers.

A successful test case is one that detects undetected faults. In order to maximize the chances of finding a new fault, a new technique is applied boundary value analysis.

CAUSE EFFECT GRAPHS:- Cause effect graphs connects the input classes to output classes yid ding a direct graph. Cause effect graphing is a test case design approach that offer a depiction of logical condition.

COMPARISON TESTING:- Comparison testing is not full prof. If the specification applied to all version is incorrect all version cause errors.

ADVANTAGE OF BBT:-

1.)                The tester does not need knowledge of any specific programming language.

2.)                 The test is done from the point of view of user not the designer.

3.)                The test is unbiased, because the designer and tester are independent of each other.

DISADVANTAGES OF BBT (BLACKBOX TESTING):-

1.)                The test can be redundant.

2.)                The test cases are difficult to design

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INTRODUCTION TO SOFTWARE TESTING

INTRODUCTION TO SOFTWARE TESTING:-

SOFTWARE TESTING is a process, which evolve the checking of programs. It is a major quality measure employed during program or software development. During software testing, the program is executed with the set of conditions known as test cases and the output is evaluated to determine whether the program is performing as expected. 

In order to make that the system does not have errors, the different levels of software testing strategies that are applied at different phases of software development are:

Unit testing:- is done on individual modules as they are completed and become executable. It is confined only to the designer's requirements.

Every module can be tested using the following to strategies:

BLACKBOX TESTING:- In this strategy some test cases are generated as input conditiions that fully execute all functional requirements for the program.

 This testing has been uses to find errors in the following categories:

•                     incorrect and missing functions

•                     interface errors

•                     errors in data structure

•                     error in external database access

•                     performance errors

WHITE BOX TESTING:- In this the test cases are generated on the logic of each module by drawing flow graphs of that module and logical decisions are tested on all the cases.

SYSTEM TESTING:- Involves In-house testing of the entire system before delivery to the user. It's aim  is to satisfy the user the system meets all requirement of the client's specifications.

INTEGRATING TESTING: ensures that software and subsystems work together as a whole. It tests the interface of all the modules to make sure that the module behave properly when integrated together.

ACCEPTANCE TESTING: It is a per-delivery testing in which entire system is tested at client's site on real world data to find errors.

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